{"id":291767,"date":"2021-09-07T20:45:29","date_gmt":"2021-09-07T13:45:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/quipperhome.wpcomstaging.com\/?p=291767"},"modified":"2022-03-01T19:32:42","modified_gmt":"2022-03-01T12:32:42","slug":"n-pengertian-jenis-manfaat-fgd-adalah","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/quipperhome.wpcomstaging.com\/quipper-campus\/campus-life\/n-pengertian-jenis-manfaat-fgd-adalah\/","title":{"rendered":"Memahami Focus Group Discussion (FGD) : Pengertian dan Pelaksanaannya"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"fgdDalam ranah akademik, istilah <\/span>Focus Group Discussion<\/span><\/i> (FGD) merekat erat dengan metode penelitian ilmiah. Salah satu fungsi FGD adalah sebagai sebuah metode penelitian kualitatif. Apakah Quipperian sudah memahami apa itu FGD? Apa manfaatnya dan bagaimana cara pelaksanaannya?<\/span><\/p>\n

Mari kita pahami apa itu FGD, manfaat, dan bagaimana pelaksanaanya melalui artikel Quipper Blog berikut ini ya!<\/span><\/p>\n

Pengertian FGD<\/b><\/h2>\n

Melihat dari namanya, <\/span>Focus Group Discussion<\/span><\/i> (FGD) mengandung tiga kata kunci yakni:<\/span><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Diskusi <\/span>(discussion)<\/span><\/i> – bukan wawancara atau obrolan<\/span><\/li>\n
  2. Kelompok <\/span>(group)<\/span><\/i> – bukan individual<\/span><\/li>\n
  3. Terfokus <\/span>(focus)<\/span><\/i> – bukan bebas<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Ketiganya menegaskan bahwa FGD bukanlah sekedar rapat atau obrolan biasa. Lebih jelas lagi, menurut Irwanto (2006), FGD adalah suatu proses pengumpulan data dan informasi yang sistematis mengenai suatu permasalahan yang sangat spesifik melalui diskusi kelompok.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Sementara menurut Columbia dan Hening (1990), FGD adalah wawancara dari sekelompok kecil yang dipimpin seorang narasumber atau moderator yang tugas mereka salah satunya mendorong peserta untuk berani berbicara terbuka dan spontan mengenai hal yang dianggap penting tetapi berhubungan dengan topik diskusi yang sedang dibahas.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Jenis FGD<\/b><\/h3>\n

    Ada beberapa jenis <\/span>Focus Group Discussion<\/span><\/i> (FGD) yakni:<\/span><\/p>\n

      \n
    • Single Focus Group – <\/span><\/i>semua peserta ditempatkan dalam satu kelompok dan membahas suatu topik dengan interaktif.<\/span><\/li>\n
    • Two-way Focus Group<\/span><\/i> (FGD dua arah) \u2013 satu kelompok berdiskusi disaksikan kelompok yang lain. Kelompok lain akan menarik kesimpulan.<\/span><\/li>\n
    • Dual Moderator Focus Group<\/span><\/i> – melibatkan 2 moderator. Moderator pertama memastikan kelancaran, lainnya memastikan bahwa semua topik sudah dibahas.<\/span><\/li>\n
    • Dueling Moderator Focus Group<\/span><\/i> – melibatkan 2 moderator yang berada pada sisi isu berlawan agar memicu diskusi.<\/span><\/li>\n
    • Client Participant Focus Group<\/span><\/i> – melibatkan perwakilan klien.<\/span><\/li>\n
    • Respondent Moderator Focus Group<\/span><\/i>– melibatkan satu atau lebih responden untuk diminta bertindak sebagai moderator sementara.<\/span><\/li>\n
    • Mini Focus Group<\/span><\/i> – melibatkan kelompok yang berjumlah 4-5 orang.<\/span><\/li>\n
    • Teleconference Focus Group<\/span><\/i> – menggunakan ruang obrolan, jaringan telepon, atau sarana online lainnya. Dilakukan jika terdapat kendala secara geografis.<\/span><\/li>\n
    • Online Focus Group<\/span><\/i> – semua peserta berpartisipasi melalui layar komputer dengan koneksi internet.<\/span><\/li>\n
    • <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      Manfaat FGD dalam Penelitian<\/b><\/h2>\n

      Dalam hal penelitian, terdapat beberapa manfaat FGD yaitu memperoleh data kualitatif bermutu dalam waktu singkat, menciptakan ide untuk penelitian yang lebih mendalam, <\/span>cross-check<\/span><\/i> data dari metode lain, hingga mengidentifikasi dan menggali informasi dari kelompok tertentu.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

      Selain FGD, sebetulnya masih terdapat jenis-jenis metode penelitian lainnya. Kalau begitu, Quipperian mungkin jadi bertanya-tanya, lalu bagaimana cara menentukan kapan FGD diperlukan dan dilakukan? Inilah beberapa kondisi yang membuat seorang peneliti sebaiknya menggunakan metode FGD antara lain:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

        \n
      • Permasalahan yang akan diteliti tidak dapat diselesaikan dengan metode wawancara atau survei.<\/span><\/li>\n
      • Permasalahan bersifat lokal dan spesifik. Dengan begitu, pelaksanaan FGD dapat melibatkan masyarakat setempat.<\/span><\/li>\n
      • Peneliti harus menyingkap fakta lebih detail dan kaya.<\/span><\/li>\n
      • Peneliti membutuhkan pemahaman lebih dari satu sudut pandang.<\/span><\/li>\n
      • Keperluan verifikasi.<\/span><\/li>\n
      • Peneliti mencari kepuasan dan tingkat akurasi yang tinggi dengan cara harus mendengar pendapat langsung dari subjek riset.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        Di luar kegunaannya sebagai metode penelitian ilmiah, menurut Krueger & Casey (2000), FGD juga dapat dimanfaatkan dalam berbagai ranah dan tujuan, misalnya pengambilan keputusan, <\/span>needs assessment,<\/span><\/i> pengembangan produk atau program, mengetahui kepuasan pelanggan, dan sebagainya.<\/span><\/p>\n

        Persiapan FGD<\/b><\/h3>\n

        Perlu diingat, FGD adalah proses diskusi yang memerlukan perencanaan matang. Secara umum, persiapan dalam melaksanakan FGD yakni mulai dari membentuk tim, mengatur tempat, persiapan logistik, penentuan jumlah peserta, dan terakhir adalah rekrutmen peserta.<\/span><\/p>\n

        Terkait pembentukan tim, tim dalam FGD terdiri dari:<\/span><\/p>\n

          \n
        • Moderator<\/span><\/li>\n
        • Asisten moderator\/<\/span>co<\/span><\/i>-fasilitator<\/span><\/li>\n
        • Notulen (pencatat)<\/span><\/li>\n
        • Penghubung peserta<\/span><\/li>\n
        • Penyedia logistik<\/span><\/li>\n
        • Dokumentasi<\/span><\/li>\n
        • Lain-lain jika diperlukan (tentatif), misalnya petugas antar-jemput dan konsumsi<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          Untuk peserta, beberapa literatur mengenai FGD menyebutkan jumlah yang ideal yakni 7-11 orang, tetapi ada pula yang menyarankan hanya 4-7 orang atau 6-8 orang. Perlu dipahami bahwa peserta FGD yang terlalu banyak dampaknya adalah mengurangi kesempatan masing-masing peserta untuk menyumbang pikiran dengan lebih mendalam.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

          Pelaksanaan FGD<\/b><\/h2>\n

          Sebelum pelaksanaan FGD, perlu dilakukan penyusunan pertanyaan atau<\/span> guideline<\/span><\/i> FGD. Dalam melakukan penyusunan <\/span>guideline<\/span><\/i>, perlu mempertimbangkan hal-hal seperti tujuan penelitian, tujuan diadakannya FGD, serta penggunaan bahasa yang sederhana dan jelas.<\/span><\/p>\n

          Pelaksanaan FGD dilakukan dengan cara diskusi dengan para narasumber difasilitasi oleh moderator. Moderator harus berupaya agar diskusi berjalan baik, yaitu terarah dan fokus. Moderator harus menenangkan ketika diskusi menjadi ramai karena beberapa peserta ingin mengeluarkan pendapat bersamaan. Selain itu, moderator juga harus memastikan agar pertanyaan-pertanyaan terjawab sesuai tujuan FGD. <\/span>So<\/span><\/i>, peran moderator itu penting sekali ya Quipperian? Karena keberhasilan FGD bergantung dari kelihaian sang moderator.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

          Oh ya, tahap selanjutnya usai pelaksanaan FGD adalah penyusunan laporan hasil FGD.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

          Gimana Quipperian sudah bertambah kan pemahamannya mengenai FGD?<\/span><\/p>\n

          Penulis: Tisyrin Naufalty T<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

          Dalam ranah akademik, istilah Focus Group Discussion (FGD) merekat erat dengan metode penelitian ilmiah. Salah satu fungsi FGD adalah sebagai sebuah metode penelitian kualitatif.…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":156451313,"featured_media":291836,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_crdt_document":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[26029,679384864],"tags":[],"ppma_author":[679386820],"class_list":["post-291767","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-campus-life","category-quipper-campus"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nPengertian FGD (Focus Group Discussion) dan Pelaksanaannya<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"FGD adalah proses pengumpulan data dan informasi yang sistematis mengenai suatu permasalahan yang sangat spesifik melalui 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