{"id":304272,"date":"2022-04-23T14:21:50","date_gmt":"2022-04-23T07:21:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/quipperhome.wpcomstaging.com\/?p=304272"},"modified":"2022-10-14T14:34:44","modified_gmt":"2022-10-14T07:34:44","slug":"sifat-plastik","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/quipperhome.wpcomstaging.com\/mapel\/fisika\/sifat-plastik\/","title":{"rendered":"Pengertian Plastik – Sifat Bahan Plastik dan Jenisnya"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Salah satu benda yang mungkin sering Quipperian jumpai adalah plastik. Saat kamu membeli es, makanan, sayuran, baju, dan lainnya pasti pihak penjual akan mengemasnya ke dalam kantong plastik. Lantas, seperti apa <\/span>sih <\/span><\/i>sifat plastik itu? Untuk pembahasan selengkapnya, <\/span>check this out<\/span><\/i>!<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pengertian Plastik<\/b><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Plastik adalah material jenis polimer yang tersusun atas rantai monomer serta bersifat ringan. Plastik ditemukan pertama kali oleh Alexander Parker melalui pengolahan bahan organik dari selulosa. <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kala itu, Parker memberi nama produk temuannya sebagai parkesine. Seiring zaman, mulai banyak ilmuwan yang mengembangkannya hingga diperoleh plastik seperti sekarang. <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Umumnya, plastik yang digunakan sekarang ini tidak berasal dari bahan alami, melainkan dari hasil <\/span>cracking<\/span><\/i> minyak Bumi yang berbentuk serbuk putih. Dalam penerapannya, plastik bisa ditemukan dalam bentuk lembaran, lempengan, dan film.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sifat-Sifat Plastik<\/b><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Plastik merupakan material yang sering digunakan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Hal itu karena sifatnya yang banyak memberikan keuntungan bagi manusia. Secara umum, sifat plastik adalah sebagai berikut.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  1. Kuat tetapi ringan<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. Tidak mudah bereaksi dengan zat kimia, seperti udara, asam, dan basa<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n
  3. Tidak bisa menghantarkan arus listrik, sehingga bersifat isolator<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n
  4. Mudah untuk dibentuk sesuai kebutuhan melalui pemanasan<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n
  5. Umumnya berwarna jernih atau transparan<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n
  6. Dapat diberi warna<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n
  7. Bersifat plastis<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n
  8. Harganya terjangkau atau ekonomis<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n
  9. Memiliki ketahanan yang baik terhadap bakteri dan jamur<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n
  10. Tidak mudah mengalami korosi atau perkaratan<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    Namun demikian, sifat plastik tetap menyesuaikan dengan material pembentuknya. Hal itu karena terdapat berbagai macam plastik yang terbuat dari monomer yang berbeda.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Macam-Macam Plastik<\/b><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    Berikut ini macam-macam plastik yang sering digunakan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    1. Polietilen<\/b><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    Mungkin Quipperian pernah melihat botol minuman atau botol sampo bertuliskan PETE atau PET (<\/span>plyethylene terephtalate) <\/span><\/i>serta HDPE (<\/span>high density polyethylene<\/span><\/i>). <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Nah<\/span>, <\/span><\/i>tulisan itu menandakan bahwa botol minuman tersebut terbuat dari material plastik polietilen. Sifat plastik polietilen adalah tidak transparan, tahan terhadap pemanasan hingga 1.000 <\/span>o<\/span>C, dan keras karena memiliki densitas tinggi. <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Selain untuk botol minuman dan botol sampo, polietilen juga biasa ditemukan pada tempat margarine, galon air mineral, kemasan minyak goreng, dan tutup botol.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    2. Polipropilen<\/b><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    Polipropilen merupakan jenis plastik yang umum digunakan sebagai komponen mesin cuci, mobil, industri tekstil, pembuatan karung, dan masih banyak lainnya. <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Umumnya, polipropilen ditulis dalam singkatan PP. Sifat plastik polipropilen adalah kaku, memiliki ketahanan yang baik terhadap zat-zat kimia dan suhu, tidak mudah retak, dan memiliki densitas rendah.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    3. Polistirena<\/b><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    Apakah Quipperian memiliki gelas plastik di rumah? Umumnya, gelas plastik terbuat dari plastik jenis polistirena. Polistirena termasuk termoplastik yang memiliki harga paling ekonomis. <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Sifat plastik polistirena adalah keras, jernih, mengilap, bisa diberi warna, halus, dan tidak reaktif secara kimia. Selain untuk gelas, polistirena juga biasa digunakan untuk mainan, sikat gigi, dan alat olahraga.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    4. PVC (<\/b>polivinil klorida<\/i><\/b>)<\/b><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    PVC merupakan jenis plastik penyusun pipa saluran air, sehingga lebih dikenal dengan istilah pipa PVC. Sifat plastik PVC adalah kuat, keras, tidak reaktif secara kimia, dan dapat diberi warna. <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Kegunaan PVC tidak hanya untuk pipa saluran air saja, melainkan untuk karet, kantong kemasan, jas hujan, dan isolator kabel. <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Jika sudah tidak digunakan, sebaiknya PVC tidak dibakar karena akan menghasilkan gas buangan berupa hidrogen klorida dan gas klorin. Gas tersebut bisa membahayakan kesehatan.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    5. <\/b>Potetrafluoroetilena <\/i><\/b>(teflon)<\/b><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    Jika Quipperian hobi memasak, tentu tidak asing dengan istilah teflon. Siapa sangka, ternyata teflon itu termasuk plastik, <\/span>lho<\/span><\/i>. Alat ini lebih dikenal sebagai peralatan masak antilengket. <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Hal itu karena teflon bersifat licin, tidak mudah melekatkan bahan di atasnya, serta memiliki ketahanan suhu hingga 2.600 <\/span>o<\/span>C.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Teflon cocok digunakan untuk membuat <\/span>pancake<\/span><\/i>, martabak manis, dan makanan lain yang butuh sedikit minyak.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    6. <\/b>Polimetil pentena<\/i><\/b> (PMP)<\/b><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    PMP umumnya digunakan sebagai bahan baku peralatan medis tahan lama. Hal itu karena PMP bersifat antikorosif, memiliki ketahanan suhu hingga 2.400 <\/span>o<\/span>C, tahan terhadap tekanan serta benturan, dan tidak mudah larut dalam pelarut organik. <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Tidak hanya peralatan medis, PMP juga bisa digunakan untuk pembuatan alat-alat laboratorium.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Jenis-Jenis Plastik<\/b><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    Berdasarkan sifatnya, plastik dibagi menjadi dua yaitu termoplastik dan termoset. Apa perbedaan antara keduanya?<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n
    1. Termoplastik merupakan jenis plastik yang bisa meleleh saat dipanaskan dan bisa dibentuk kembali saat dingin. Contoh termoplastik adalah PVC, polietilen, polistirena, dan polimetil pentena.<\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n
    2. Termoset merupakan jenis plastik yang tidak meleleh saat dipanaskan. Termoset bersifat kaku, tidak plastis, serta tidak bisa dibentuk kembali. Contoh termoset adalah melamin, poliester, dan epoksi.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

      Jika Quipperian sering memanaskan makanan menggunakan <\/span>microwave<\/span><\/i>, pilihlah alat makan termoset agar materialnya tidak leleh lalu menempel pada makanan. Contoh alat makan termoset adalah melamin.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Di tengah maraknya penggunaan plastik, ada satu hal yang perlu diperhatikan, yaitu material ini sulit terurai di dalam tanah. Proses penguraiannya membutuhkan waktu hingga bertahun-tahun. <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Untuk mengatasi itu, kini mulai dikembangkan plastik yang bersifat <\/span>biodegradable<\/span><\/i> atau mudah terurai oleh mikroorganisme tanah. Namun demikian, penggunaan plastik harus tetap bijak dan sesuai dengan kebutuhan.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Itulah pembahasan Quipper Blog tentang sifat plastik. Semoga bisa bermanfaat buat Quipperian. Jangan lupa untuk tetap semangat belajarnya. Agar tambah semangat, yuk gabung bareng <\/span>Quipper Video<\/b><\/a> karena dijamin belajarmu lebih mudah dan menyenangkan. Salam Quipper!<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Penulis: Eka Viandari<\/b><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      Salah satu benda yang mungkin sering Quipperian jumpai adalah plastik. Saat kamu membeli es, makanan, sayuran, baju, dan lainnya pasti pihak penjual akan mengemasnya…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":99400369,"featured_media":304276,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_crdt_document":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[679384877],"tags":[],"ppma_author":[679386827],"class_list":["post-304272","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-fisika"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nPengertian Plastik - Sifat Bahan Plastik dan Jenisnya - Quipper Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Mengenal tentang plastik mulai dari pengertian, sifat sifat plastik dan jenis bahan plastik berdasarkan sifat yang digunakan dalam kehidupan sehari hari\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.quipper.com\/id\/blog\/mapel\/fisika\/sifat-plastik\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"id_ID\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Pengertian Plastik - 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